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Locations

Fifty states.
Four honest
answers.

We will not pretend to serve everywhere equally. 51 states and 291 cities have a page here, and each one says plainly whether we bring a trailer, plan a run, or simply help you specify the job and introduce a yard nearer to you.

Stacks of wooden pallets in a covered yard under a clear sky
The yardOne yard, nine trailers and a 300-mile radius — which is exactly why these pages are specific about distance.
States & DC
51 pages
Cities
291 pages
Own-fleet radius
300 miles
Haul limit
≈ 950 miles

Quote request

Tell us where the pallets are

A postal code is enough. We will tell you which tier you are in, which day the route runs, and whether a nearer yard would serve you better.

No phone tag. No sales sequence. One reply from one person.

Fields marked * are required and checked before sending. We never sell or share your details.

MissouriIllinoisKansasTennesseeIndianaIowaKentuckyArkansasMissouriIllinoisKansasTennesseeIndianaIowaKentuckyArkansas
51
States & DC
291
City pages
2
Core states
300
Own-fleet miles
950
Haul limit, miles
9
Trailers owned

The four tiers

What each tier actually commits us to

This is the whole service model on one screen. Find your state below and the tier tells you what to expect before you write a word.

Core service area

Own trailers, daily routes

Delivery, collection, repair crews, drop trailers and emergency clearance.

Freight
Next business day on stock grades; 48-hour collection windows.
Minimum
100 pallets delivered, 50 for a collection, no minimum at the yard.

2 states

Regional service

Scheduled runs on our own fleet

Delivery, collection, buy-back and bench repair at the yard.

Freight
Two to four business days, combined with a collection wherever the route allows.
Minimum
Half to full trailer preferred; smaller loads ride an existing run.

11 states

Extended service

Full trailers, planned in advance

Delivery and buy-back on planned runs; specification and programme design.

Freight
Weekly scheduled runs; a week's notice gets you onto an existing lane.
Minimum
Full trailer, typically 500–560 pallets.

18 states

Advisory only

We will not haul wood this far

Specification help, grade standards, programme design and an introduction to a nearer yard.

Freight
None. Past roughly 950 miles the freight cancels the carbon benefit of reuse.
Minimum
Not applicable — ask us for advice and a referral instead.

20 states

Every state

Pick a square

Shaded by tier: solid plum is own-fleet, mid-violet is a regional run, petal is a planned full trailer, outline is advisory only.

The small number is how many city pages that state has.

By region

Distances, tiers and city counts

Road miles are measured from the Meeks Blvd yard in St. Louis. Where a state spans more than one tier of distance, we quote the range and route accordingly.

Midwest

12 states · 92 cities
StateRoad milesTierCitiesLocal industries
Missouri0–250Core service area12Grocery distribution, Beverage, Agriculture
Illinois15–300Core service area12Food processing, Steel and metals, Agriculture
Iowa250–380Regional service8Agriculture, Food processing, Wind and machinery
Kansas250–500Regional service8Aerospace, Grain and milling, Meat processing
Nebraska380–480Regional service6Meat processing, Grain, Rail
Wisconsin330–450Regional service8Dairy, Paper, Machinery
Indiana200–330Regional service8Automotive, Pharmaceutical, Steel
Ohio400–560Regional service8Automotive, Polymers, Food
Michigan480–620Extended service8Automotive, Furniture, Food processing
Minnesota550–620Extended service6Medical devices, Food, Agriculture
South Dakota700–800Extended service4Meat processing, Agriculture, Light manufacturing
North Dakota800–950Extended service4Energy, Agriculture, Equipment

South

17 states · 101 cities
StateRoad milesTierCitiesLocal industries
Kentucky250–400Regional service7Automotive, Bourbon and beverage, Air freight
Tennessee280–520Regional service7Distribution, Automotive, Music and events
Arkansas300–450Regional service7Retail distribution, Poultry, Steel
Oklahoma420–520Regional service6Energy, Aerospace, Agriculture
Mississippi420–620Regional service6Furniture, Poultry, Shipbuilding
Louisiana620–750Extended service6Petrochemical, Ports and export, Seafood
Alabama450–650Extended service6Automotive, Aerospace, Steel
Georgia520–680Extended service7Ports and import, Poultry, Carpet and flooring
Florida850–1,100Extended service7Produce, Ports and cruise, Construction
Texas620–1,100Extended service10Energy, Electronics, Food and beverage
West Virginia600–760Extended service4Chemicals, Energy, Forestry
Virginia760–900Extended service6Ports and export, Data centres, Food
North Carolina720–900Extended service7Furniture, Pharmaceutical, Textiles
South Carolina720–860Extended service6Automotive, Tyres, Ports
Maryland800–900Extended service5Ports, Biotech, Food distribution
Delaware880–940Extended service3Chemicals, Poultry, Ports
District of Columbia820–860Extended service1Hospitality, Institutional supply, Events

Northeast

9 states · 39 cities
StateRoad milesTierCitiesLocal industries
Pennsylvania700–900Extended service8Food distribution, Steel, Pharmaceutical
New Jersey920–980Advisory only5Ports, Pharmaceutical, Chemicals
New York950–1,050Advisory only6Food distribution, Printing, Beverage
Massachusetts1,100–1,200Advisory only4Biotech, Seafood, Education supply
Connecticut1,050–1,120Advisory only4Aerospace, Pharmaceutical, Insurance supply
Rhode Island1,100–1,160Advisory only3Jewellery and tooling, Seafood, Boatbuilding
Vermont1,100–1,180Advisory only3Dairy, Craft beverage, Forestry
New Hampshire1,150–1,220Advisory only3Electronics, Craft beverage, Forestry
Maine1,250–1,400Advisory only3Seafood, Paper, Forestry

West

13 states · 59 cities
StateRoad milesTierCitiesLocal industries
Colorado830–900Extended service6Brewing, Aerospace, Cannabis compliance
Wyoming1,000–1,150Advisory only3Energy, Agriculture, Rail
Montana1,250–1,450Advisory only4Agriculture, Forestry, Energy
Idaho1,400–1,600Advisory only4Potatoes and produce, Electronics, Forestry
Utah1,250–1,400Advisory only4Distribution, Medical devices, Mining
Nevada1,550–1,750Advisory only4Distribution, Gaming and hospitality, Mining
Arizona1,400–1,550Advisory only5Electronics, Produce, Border freight
New Mexico950–1,100Advisory only4Energy, Produce, Defence research
California1,750–2,000Advisory only10Produce, Wine, Ports
Oregon1,900–2,100Advisory only4Forestry, Craft beverage, Produce
Washington1,950–2,150Advisory only5Produce and apples, Aerospace, Ports
Alaska3,200+Advisory only3Seafood, Energy, Air freight
Hawaii4,000+Advisory only3Produce, Hospitality, Ocean freight

Why we draw a line

Past 950 miles, reuse stops being green

Pallets are heavy and low in value, so freight dominates both the price and the emissions. We publish the arithmetic rather than quietly quoting a number we are not proud of.

Distance economics

Under 100 miles
Haul is a rounding error
100–300 miles
Routine own-fleet radius
300–600 miles
Strongly positive, scheduled
600–950 miles
Positive but declining
Beyond 950 miles
Reuse credit cancelled
Freight factor
0.11 kg CO₂e per ton-mile

At 180 miles our trucks spend about 2.6% of the carbon your reuse saves. At 1,500 miles it is over a fifth.

What advisory-only actually gets you

  • A written grade standard your local yard can be held to
  • A build sheet for custom or export pallets
  • Programme design, reporting templates and the carbon model
  • An introduction to a reputable yard near you
  • An honest answer about what your pallets are worth

Questions

Coverage, routes and the edge cases

Related

Yard reference

Every number we publish, in one place

The same appendix appears at the foot of our reference pages so you never have to leave an article to check a figure. All of it is revised annually and matches the constants used by the Carbon Ledger.

Stock specification

Stock footprint
48" × 40" (1219 × 1016 mm)
Deck height, GMA stringer
5½" (140 mm)
Deck height, block pallet
5¾" (146 mm)
Deck height, EPAL 1
144 mm
Board thickness, nominal
⅝" (16 mm)
Top deck boards, #1 grade
6–7
Bottom deck boards, #1 grade
4–5
Stringers per pallet
3, notched or solid
Species
Mixed hardwood, oak-dominant
Mass, recycled 48×40
33–42 lb / 15–19 kg
Mass, new 48×40
37–48 lb / 17–22 kg
Mass, EPAL 1
22–25 kg / 49–55 lb
Moisture ceiling at dispatch
≤ 19%
Fasteners
Helical-thread 2½"

Typical values for our 48×40 recycled stock. Exact board counts vary by grade and batch.

Order terms

Metro delivery minimum
100 pallets
Pickup minimum (selling to us)
50 pallets
Drop-off minimum
None, during yard hours
Out-of-region freight
Full trailer
Quote validity
14 days
Standing-order pricing
Fixed for the quarter
First order terms
Prepaid or card
Account terms
Net 30, approved
Buy-back payment
Cheque or ACH, 10 business days
Sample before contract
20 pallets, free
Grade dispute remedy
Same-day re-grade, replace or credit
Reserved stock
Up to 8 weeks against a confirmed order

Standing-order customers get fixed quarterly pricing.

The yard, in facts

Address
9869 Meeks Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63132
Founded
2009
Zero landfill since
March 2017
Grading lanes
Four, plus new and heat-treated
Named defects on the wall
Thirteen
Covered storage
Two roofed bays
Dock doors
Four at 48 in, plus drive-on
Weighbridge
On site, certified
Trailers owned
Nine, plus two flatbeds
Trailer staging spaces
Twelve
Pallets handled last year
412,000
Hardwood kept in circulation
4,780 tons
Decks repaired weekly
≈ 3,000
Intake leaving as pallets
94%
Mean further lives per deck
4.7

Counted at the weighbridge and the grading line.

Grades, side by side

Load figures are observed operating capacities for a 48×40 footprint under a uniformly distributed load. Apply your own safety factor — 1.5 for dynamic handling, 2.0 for long-term racked storage. Price index: 100 = new hardwood.
GradeTop / bottom boardsRepairs allowedStaticDynamicRackedPrice index
A / Premium7 / 5None visible4,600 lb2,800 lb1,800 lb42–52
#1 Grade6–7 / 4–5Full-length companions4,000 lb2,500 lb1,500 lb30–40
#2 Grade5–6 / 3–4Plugs and companions3,200 lb1,800 lbNot advised20–28
Core / MixedAs arrivedUnsortedUnratedUnratedNo12–20
New hardwood7 / 5n/a5,000+ lb3,000 lb2,200 lb100
Heat-treated #16–7 / 4–5Companions, re-treated4,000 lb2,500 lb1,500 lb38–48

Footprints we stock or build

48×40 is roughly 72% of our intake. Odd sizes arrive as they arrive — ask before planning around them.
FootprintMetricKnown asTypical use
48" × 40"1219 × 1016 mmGMA / grocery standardGeneral distribution, grocery
42" × 42"1067 × 1067 mmSquare 42Drums, paint, telecom
48" × 48"1219 × 1219 mmDrum pallet55-gallon drums
40" × 48"1016 × 1219 mmRotated GMAMilitary, construction
48" × 42"1219 × 1067 mmChemical / produceChemicals, produce
40" × 40"1016 × 1016 mmDairy squareDairy, beverage
36" × 36"914 × 914 mmBeverageDSD, retail display
48" × 20"1219 × 508 mmRetail halfAisle-end displays
1200 × 800 mm47.2" × 31.5"EUR / EPAL 1European export
1200 × 1000 mm47.2" × 39.4"ISO / EPAL 2ISO export lanes

Per-layer fit

Interior widths vary by trailer build; confirm with your carrier before committing to a pattern.
EquipmentInterior widthPatternPer layer
53 ft dry van100–102"48×40 straight26 pallets
53 ft dry van100–102"48×40 pinwheel28 pallets
48 ft dry van98–100"48×40 straight24 pallets
20 ft container92.5"1200×800 EUR11 pallets
40 ft container92.5"1200×800 EUR24 pallets
40 ft HC container92.5"1200×1000 ISO20 pallets

Carbon model constants

Sources: industry LCA literature plus our own weighbridge and fuel records. Substitute your own figures — the Carbon Ledger shows the arithmetic.
FactorValueBasis
New hardwood pallet, embodied12.6 kg CO₂eCradle-to-gate, regional oak
Recycled deck, processed1.0 kg CO₂eRepair, handling, yard energy
Net credit per reuse cycle11.6 kg CO₂eDifference of the two above
Heat treatment, per deck0.9 kg CO₂eOur chamber, measured
Average pallet mass15 kg / 33 lb12-month weighted mean
Road freight0.11 kg CO₂e / ton-mileOwn fleet fuel records
Landfill volume, broken deck0.12 yd³Uncompacted, measured
Mature tree sequestration21.8 kg CO₂e / yrIllustration only
Break-even haul distance≈ 950 milesBeyond this, reuse credit is cancelled
Run the numbers on your own volumes →

ISPM-15 heat treatment

Core temperature
56 °C minimum
Hold time
30 continuous minutes
Probe points
Three per batch, deepest board
Batch capacity
≈ 420 pallets
Mark elements
IPPC symbol, country, facility, HT
Marks required on
Two opposite sides, legible
Bark
Prohibited on every component
Records retained
24 months
Invalidated by
Repair with untreated wood
Dunnage & bracing
In scope — must also be treated

Batch logs retained 24 months. A treated pallet repaired with untreated wood must be re-treated and re-marked.

Species in our intake, and how they behave

Densities and Janka figures are published wood-science values; the behaviour column is sixteen years of our own grading notes. Our intake is oak-dominant mixed hardwood.
SpeciesGroupDensity (lb/ft³)Janka hardnessBehaviour in a pallet
White oakHardwood471,350 lbfOur backbone: holds fasteners superbly, heavy, very durable
Red oakHardwood441,290 lbfSlightly more porous than white; excellent deck boards
HickoryHardwood511,820 lbfHardest of our intake; superb stringers, splits if nailed dry
MapleHardwood441,450 lbfClean, pale, dimensionally stable; good for upcycled tops
AshHardwood411,320 lbfTough and flexible; forgiving under impact
PoplarHardwood29540 lbfLight hardwood, weaker fastener grip, fine for one-way
Southern yellow pineSoftwood35690 lbfCommon in new softwood builds; resinous, holds nails well
Spruce / firSoftwood27510 lbfLightest option; loosens soonest under repeated handling

Moisture targets by application

Dryness is the single biggest determinant of recycled pallet quality — more than grade, species or board count.
ApplicationTarget moistureWhy
Food distribution≤ 19%Mould risk, not strength; covered storage mandatory
Pharmaceutical / clean areas≤ 15%Documented dryness, often new material
General warehouse and racking≤ 19%Fastener grip and creep resistance
Cold chain≤ 15% at dispatchCondensation cycling through the dew point
Export, heat-treated≤ 19%Post-chamber typical; bark-free is the hard rule
Upcycled furniture stock8–12%Conditioned indoors two weeks before machining
Field and agricultural useNo targetWeather governs; buy #2 and expect it

Fasteners — two percent of the cost, most of the service life

Specify the fastener and the count per board-stringer intersection, not just the board count.
FastenerLengthShankWithdrawal resistanceWhere we use it
Helical-thread nail2½"Twisted, thread-cuttingHigh, survives moisture cyclingStandard on every new build and repair
Annular-ring nail2¼"–2½"Barbed ringsHighestLead boards and heavy racked specifications
Smooth-shank nail2"–2½"PlainLow, drops as wood driesNot used — the reason old pallets loosen
Screw-shank nail2½"Coarse helixHighBlock pallets and thick stringers
Staple1¾"Crown wireLow in hardwoodNot used here; acceptable in softwood one-way pallets

Standards that actually govern a pallet

Only ISPM-15 is legally mandatory, and only for export. Everything else is a specification you can choose to be held to.
StandardIssued byCoversWhy it matters to you
ISPM-15IPPC / FAOPhytosanitary treatment of wood packagingMandatory for export; 56 °C core for 30 minutes, marked
ISO 6780ISOPrincipal pallet footprintsDefines the six international sizes, including 1200×800
ISO 8611ISOPallet test methods and performanceThe basis of static, dynamic and racked load figures
ASTM D1185ASTMTest methods for pallets and skidsNorth American equivalent test battery
GMA specificationGrocery Manufacturers Assoc.48×40 four-way notched stringer palletWhat 'GMA' means when stated properly
EPAL / UIC 435EPALLicensed European block palletExchange-pool eligibility, marks and licensed repair
MH1ANSI / MHIPallet terminology and dimensionsThe vocabulary used on our build sheets
NWPCA uniform standardNWPCARecycled pallet grading practiceThe nearest thing the recycled market has to a rulebook

Handling and rack dimensions

Measure your own equipment before specifying a pallet. These are the values that decide whether a footprint works in your building.
DimensionTypical valueNote
Fork length42"–48"Must not protrude beyond the far side of a 48" pallet
Fork width4"–6"Wider forks spread load across deck boards
Fork thickness1½"–2"Determines minimum pallet entry height
Fork spread, GMA entry24"–27" centresBetween the stringers of a three-stringer pallet
Pallet-jack wheel path6½" clearWhy notched stringers do not admit jacks
Minimum entry height3½"A crushed bottom deck blocks the forks entirely
Rack beam span, two pallets≥ 96" clearFor two 48×40 pallets, 40" face out
Flue space, back to back≥ 6"Most fire codes; check your jurisdiction

The life of one deck, stage by stage

Durations are medians from our line records and the Passport programme; the population is survivor-biased and we say so.
StageTypical durationWhat happensCarbon position
Timber to palletWeeksSawn, nailed, often shipped wet12.6 kg CO₂e embodied
First life2–4 yearsHardest service; lead board usually failsCredit begins at reuse
First repair2 minutesLead board replaced with salvaged stock+1.8 further lives on average
Second to fifth life6–12 yearsGrading, companions, re-nailing, re-grading11.6 kg CO₂e avoided per cycle
Structural retirement—Stringers rotted or deck beyond rebuildStored carbon still retained
RepurposedDecadesCollars, crates, table tops, claddingCarbon stays in the material
Fiber1–3 yearsMulch or bedding, then soilReleased slowly
ThermalImmediateBoiler-grade chipReleased at once — last resort

Total cost of a pallet programme, indexed

Index 100 = reactive spot buying. Observed across our managed accounts; your mix will differ, and we will model it against your own invoices for free.
Cost lineSpot buyingManaged programmeComment
Pallet purchase priceIndex 10078–86Grade matched to the job, not to panic
Emergency purchases6–11% of spend≈ 0%Reserved stock removes the Friday scramble
Disposal and haulageIndex 1000–20Cores are bought, not binned
Internal labour on woodIndex 10045–60Sorting at source, scheduled collection
Product damage from palletsIndex 10060–80Fewer failures from under-specified decks
Admin and reconciliationIndex 10030One netted invoice a month
Reporting effortIndex 10010Diversion and CO₂e arrive automatically
Net first-year change—−18% to −34%Observed across our managed accounts

End-of-line fiber products

Two percent of intake, screened rather than dumped.
Fiber productScreen sizeMade fromSold to
Landscape mulch, coarse1"–2"Ground hardwood pallet stockLandscapers, garden centres
Landscape mulch, fine⅜"–1"Screened second passRetail bagging, municipal beds
Animal bedding⅛"–⅜"Fine screen, metal-freeLivestock and poultry operations
Boiler-grade chipMixedMaterial failing every screen aboveIndustrial thermal users
Recovered steeln/aMagnetically separated fastenersLocal scrap processor

Conversions we use daily

Inches to millimetres is exact. Rounding 1219 mm to 1200 mm is how container plans fail.
FromToMultiply by
InchesMillimetres25.4 exactly
PoundsKilograms0.4536
Short tonsMetric tonnes0.9072
Cubic yardsCubic metres0.7646
Ton-milesTonne-kilometres1.4594
°F to °C—(°F − 32) × 5⁄9
Board feetCubic metres0.00236
lb/ft³kg/m³16.018

Glossary — thirty terms worth knowing

Core
A used pallet bought for grading — the currency of the industry.
Deck board
Any board on the top or bottom face of a pallet.
Lead board
The outermost deck board at each end; absorbs every fork entry.
Stringer
The long member running the length of a stringer pallet; usually three.
Stringer board
On a block pallet, the board that ties the blocks together.
Block
One of the nine supports in a block pallet.
Notch
The cut-out in a stringer that creates four-way fork access.
Chamfer
A bevel on a lead board's lower edge to ease fork entry.
Companion
A full-length board nailed alongside a damaged stringer. A strong repair.
Plug / scab
A short piece fixed over a break. A weaker repair; #2 grade here.
Re-nail
Restoring the fastener pattern on a loose but intact pallet.
Regrade
Moving a pallet between grade lanes after inspection.
Down-cut
Re-cutting a larger deck into a smaller footprint.
Static load
Capacity at rest on a flat, continuous surface.
Dynamic load
Capacity while being lifted and moved.
Racked load
Capacity spanning beams with no deck support. Always the smallest figure.
Unit load
Pallet, product and wrap considered as one structure.
Overhang
Load or deck projecting beyond its support. The leading cause of rack failure.
Flue space
The gap between back-to-back rack bays; six inches minimum in most codes.
GMA
The Grocery Manufacturers Association 48×40 specification.
EPAL
The licensing body for the European 1200×800 block pallet.
ISPM-15
The international phytosanitary standard for wood packaging.
HT
Heat treatment: 56 °C at core for 30 minutes.
IPPC mark
The wheat-sheaf stamp evidencing phytosanitary treatment.
Collar
Four hinged timber sides that turn a pallet into a container.
Top cap
A lightweight cover protecting the uppermost layer of a stack.
Dunnage
Timber used to fill voids, brace loads and spread point loads.
Fiber
Ground wood: mulch, animal bedding or boiler-grade chip.
Diversion rate
Share of intake kept out of landfill. Ours is 100%.
Reuse rate
Share of intake that leaves as a pallet. Ours is 94%.

Still wondering?

Eight questions that arrive most weeks. The full set lives on the FAQ page, and anything missing can go straight into the form at the top of this page.

Asked most weeks

Next step

Send a postal code, get a straight answer

Which tier, which day, what minimum — and whether somebody closer should be doing it instead.

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